學習與記憶 一 Learning and Memory 1
焦傳金教授
Professor Chiao
這堂課提到所謂的工作記憶分視覺的「影像暫存」及聽覺的「聲音重播」，而且必須重複執行，才能在皮質中形成「長期的知識型記憶」。我想要分享我在學習音樂的路上遇到跟記憶有關的一些事情。
許多大人們會在小孩小時候讓他們多多接觸各種才藝課，因為有人說越小學習，小朋友的腦袋就像一塊還沒吸水的海綿，可以一直補充知識，如果長大後，就沒有多餘的位置吸多的水了；但我們又知道越成熟的腦袋會慢慢減少多餘的突觸，讓神經連結更有效率，是否也可以解釋為因為連結更迅速，長大後學習東西反而吸收的速率更快、更能領悟新的道理與知識。
就拿我自己和同學當例子，我已經學習鋼琴和長笛10餘年了，我已有非常充實的音樂知識與演奏樂器的技巧；高中管樂社的同學有部分的人在16歲才˙第一次接觸樂器，可是他們在經過4個月的勤奮練習後，可以演奏簡單的曲子，而經過一年，更可以有上台比賽的水準及相關技巧。所以這個事件其實可以解釋為，先學與後學其實有時候在成果表現上差異沒有想像中那麼大，只要我們願意花時間與精力，並認真勤奮的學習，不要有一些先天上的劣勢，大家照理說應該都可以學習到喜歡的新東西。
Working memories can be divided to two parts. One is the contemporary exist of images of version, the other is the repetitive playing of sound of listening. While those things should be done again and again that can become the long-term working memories in our cerebral cortex.
Speaking of learning, most parents let their kids learn a lot of extracurricular class as it is believed that the younger a person learning new things, the more kinds of knowledge can be absorbed as little ones’ brains are like sponges that haven’t absorbed too much water. Hence, they can absorb more new knowledge than older ones. However, we know that our brain will cut some nerves in order to make our thinking efficiently. That is, can we have a conclusion that we might learn new skills quickly as our brain can pass messages efficiently?
For instance, as I have learned piano and flute for 10 years, I have already had enough music theory knowledge and instruments playing skills. Whereas some of my senior club classmates were first touching the instruments at 16, after 4 months practicing, they surprisingly can performed some easy melodies. Moreover, after one year, they could archive the skills which can participate the contest. Accordingly, we might know how best we learn new things may not depends on our ages, it may depends on hoe diligent we are.
